Fences for the Farm
Fences for the Farm
Circular 774
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Fences are essential for safeguarding or delineating property lines. They enhance aesthetics, confine animals, or keep outside animals at bay. Regardless of the intended function, meticulous planning of the fence design is crucial, especially on farms where fencing is a significant investment that can impact overall production efficacy.
Permanent fencing—designed for longevity and minimal maintenance—should be constructed with high-quality materials. Conversely, temporary fencing—which is meant for short-term use—does not require the same sturdiness and can be made from more economical materials. Regardless of whether you opt for a permanent or a temporary fence, careful consideration regarding the intended use and proper upkeep is paramount.
Strategizing Your Fence Layout
Fencing represents a long-term investment. Quality fences should serve efficiently for anywhere between 25 to 50 years. Therefore, proper planning is indispensable, whether setting up fencing for the first time or replacing old, dilapidated ones. In instances where existing fences remain in good condition, consider developing new plans around these boundaries. However, keep in mind that over time, even these fences may need replacement. Avoid constructing new dividers when boundary fences are in disrepair.
Creating a Farm Sketch
An effective method for drafting a farm sketch is to utilize an aerial photograph. High-quality aerial images reveal details of the current farm layout and the terrain’s topography. Aerial photographs are accessible for nearly all agricultural regions. You can obtain one that includes your farm through the Farm Service Agency or your local tax office, or through commercial aerial survey companies.
Incorporating Land Capability into Your Map
An illustrative land capability map, much like one produced by the Natural Resources Conservation Service, can accentuate this step. This map typically categorizes land types and outlines corresponding management strategies for the farm. If such a plan is unavailable, utilize your previously acquired land sketch. Classify your land according to the most beneficial uses such as permanent pastures, non-pastured woodlands, and cultivated crop areas. Such strategic classifications aim for maximum profitability.
When developing your fencing strategy, consider situating fences at the crests of terraced fields and other natural water barriers, while avoiding placing fences downslope across terraces, as this may lead to erosion. In the event of required cross-fencing, aim for contour fencing that follows the natural ridges. Furthermore, plan for minimal curves in your fence layout; straight fences are typically cheaper and simpler to construct.
Designing Lanes and Gates
The ideal lane system should connect livestock enclosures and working pens to every pasture field. It is advisable to place lanes in well-drained areas, such as along ridges, to prevent erosion from frequent usage. Where necessary, consider implementing movable lanes, adaptable after a year or so. Frequent lane use may necessitate paving and the installation of geo-technical fabric covered with compacted materials for durability.
Establishing Permanent Fencing
It is highly recommended to install a permanent fence around the entirety of the farm. Such a fence sets a definite property boundary and helps restrict livestock, thereby mitigating risks of animal-vehicle accidents. If a full boundary fence is financially unfeasible, install the segments that prove most beneficial to your operations, allowing for additions later.
Utilizing Temporary Fencing
Temporary fences are primarily for short-term applications, typically lasting for weeks or months before relocation or storage. While they are less expensive than permanent fencing, they are not as durable. However, their flexibility allows for various applications, including pasture management and rotational grazing.
Choosing the Right Fence Type
Now that you have the framework for your fencing plan, the next step is selecting the appropriate type of permanent or temporary fence. Options typically include board, barbed wire, woven wire, cable, mesh, high-tensile, electric, or combinations of these.
Rail Fences
Rail fences are often utilized around farm buildings to prevent livestock escape and enhance aesthetics. With a variety of board options available, including PVC and treated wood, these fences are durable yet can be costly compared to other types.
Barbed Wire Fences
Barbed wire fences are standard in many farming scenarios, with two main types: standard and suspension barbed wire, both offering security for livestock. Proper installation and maintenance are essential for safety and effectiveness.
Woven Wire Fences
Woven wire fences consist of multiple horizontal wires held apart with vertical stays, offering excellent protection against various animal sizes. They can be tailored for different livestock, enhancing their utility across farm operations.
High-Tensile Wire Fences
High-tensile wire offers a long-lasting and low-maintenance fencing solution, ideal for controlling livestock and preventing predator access, especially when electrified. Such designs effectively minimize landscape disturbances while maintaining secure boundaries.
Electric Fences
Electric fencing is versatile, effective for both temporary and permanent scenarios. They offer a cost-effective barrier while providing reliable control over livestock movement.
Essential Maintenance Practices
A well-maintained fence ensures longevity and reliable function. Regular tasks include repairing anchor posts, refastening loose wires, managing vegetation, and conducting scheduled inspections for damage.
For more information on quality fencing solutions, consider visiting Jiaohao Wire Mesh for expert advice.
Frequently Asked Questions About Farm Fencing
What is the best type of fence for cattle?
The best type of fence for cattle typically includes high-tensile wire or woven wire because they provide secure containment and can withstand various weather conditions.
How often should fences be maintained?
It is advised to conduct fence maintenance at least once or twice a year to ensure integrity and functionality.
Are electric fences effective for livestock?
Yes, electric fences can be very effective for livestock management when installed correctly, as they deter animals from trying to escape while still allowing flexibility in pasture management.