Flange | Types | Specifications | Dimensions | PDF - AzinForge Co

Flange is a piece for connecting pipes and other equipment to each other, which is usually used in piping systems. This connecting part is produced in different types such as weld neck, socket weld, blind and spectacle for use in refineries, power plants, etc. Their material can be made of Carbon steel, Stainless steel, Alloy steel, Aluminum, Copper and Plastic. 

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the standards for making flanges include: ANSI, ASME, JIS, DIN, EN. According to the mentioned cases, the price of this piece also depends on factors such as the dimensions, the type of raw materials and the standard used, etc. In the continuation of this article, we will examine the types of flanges, technical specifications, how to engrave, dimensions, classes, standards, methods of producing flanges, technical specifications table based on ASME B16.5 standard and the factors affecting their prices. You can also download its PDF file at the end of this article.

The production process of cutting flange begins with smoothing the steel metal, which thins the material by means of rollers to reach the thickness of the desired plate. Then the outer diameter and inner diameter of the flange (except the blind flange) are cut using a torch, laser or water jet cutter (water pressure). The necessary screw holes and teeth are cut. Also, the flange is also machined according to the exact specifications. The flanges produced in this method have a lower production cost, but they leave more material waste and their strength is weaker than other methods.

Cast FlangesForged FlangesCutting FlangesCostMiddleHighLowStrengthMiddleHighLowToleranceLowHighMiddleMaterial wasteMiddleLowHighAll kinds of materials and sizesHighMiddleLow

1- Manufacturer of Product: for example, AzinForge

2- Flange Dimension: According to ASME B16.5 standard, it can be between 1/2 inch and 60 inches (AzinForge also produces non-standard flanges according to customer requests).

3- Class: In the sense of pressure determination, it is the allowable temperature that can be tolerated for the use of a flange.

4- Bore Diameter: if there is a hole on the flange, it is engraved on it.

5- Dimensional specifications: For example, the ASME B16.5 standard has different dimensions, sizes and technical specifications that are used according to the customer’s needs.

6- Material specifications: indicates the type of raw materials used. For example, code A105, which is one of the grades of carbon steel.

7- Heat Codes: This code is engraved in the flange to determine the material specifications and tolerable temperature. Also, this code is displayed in alphanumeric form.

8- Product code: It is optionally engraved by the manufacturing companies to inquire about the flange.

The raw materials used in the manufacture of flanges can be varied and are selected depending on the type of application and the required performance conditions.

In the following, we state some common raw materials used in the manufacture of flanges.

1- Carbon Steel

This type of steel is used for many flanges. Also, carbon steel is one of the main materials used in various industries such as: construction, automobile manufacturing, tools and machinery production due to its strong mechanical properties and suitable welding capability.

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2- Alloy Steel

Alloy steel is used in flanges that are used under high temperature conditions or special pressures. Especially, this type of steel is strengthened by adding alloy elements such as chromium, nickel and molybdenum.

3- Stainless Steel

Flanges that are placed in environments with high humidity (water and oxygen) may be made of stainless steel. Therefore, this type of steel has high resistance to rust and corrosion.

4- Nickel Alloys

Nickel alloysmay be used in flanges that are exposed to very high temperatures or contact with certain chemicals. Also, these alloys have high resistance to corrosion and high temperature.

5- Aluminum

Aluminum is used in some light flanges with less mechanical resistance. Also, aluminum has features such as: light weight, high thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. Therefore, aluminum is one of the popular materials for use in various industries such as: automotive, construction, aerospace and many others.

6- Polyethylene

Polyethylene is a type of polymer that is used as a plastic material. Also, this material is widely used due to its properties such as flexibility, resistance to breaking, insulation and chemical resistance. For this reason, this material is widely used in packaging, automotive, electronics and other industries.

Other raw materials such as copper and titanium are also used in some flanges. But choosing the right raw material for the flange should be determined based on its technical characteristics and application conditions.

Weld Neck (WN) Flange is one of the types of flanges used to connect pipes or equipment in the piping system. This type of flange has a throat to connect to the pipe or other parts. Due to the extra strength and stability that this type of flange provides, it makes sense to use it in various industries. This piece is used in various industries such as oil and gas, petrochemical and chemical, etc. due to its durability and stability.

Slip On (SO) Flange   is a type of connector that is used to connect pipes or equipment to each other in industrial piping. Also, this type of flange has a non-flat external disc that is placed on the end of the pipe or equipment and is connected to it by welding. For this reason, it is a quick and easy way to connect pipes, valves, etc. in the piping system. Normally, this piece is used in low pressure applications and is suitable for gas, water and sewage industries and heating and cooling systems.

1. Factors influencing the price of flange:

The price of flanges depends on various factors such as the type of raw materials, size and dimensions, standards and their production technology. Also, demand and supply in the market have a great impact on the price of flanges.

2. Flange price determination methods:

1-2. Price of raw materials:

For example, the price of steel, iron, aluminum and other raw materials used in flange production can have a great impact on the final price. Therefore, changes in the market of raw materials can also have a direct effect on the final price of the flange. Also, accurate calculation of material cost and consideration of relevant market variables is essential.

2-2. Cost of production:

Even labor cost, production cost, shipping cost and other costs related to the production of flanges should be considered. Also, the costs of machinery and equipment used in production should also be considered in cost calculations. Therefore, in order to accurately calculate the cost of flange production, all costs related to production, including raw material costs, labor costs, machinery and equipment costs, and other costs, must be considered and collected together to calculate the final cost of flange production.

3-2. Logistics and shipping cost:

For example, the cost of transportation, packaging, insurance and other costs related to the transfer of flanges to the final destination should also be considered in calculating the final price of the product. So, these costs also have a direct impact on the final price and should be carefully considered.

As a result, to accurately determine the price of flanges, the cost of raw materials, production cost and logistics cost should be considered. This price is affected by various factors, including the type of material, dimensions, standard and production technology.

If you want to learn more, please visit our website JIS B stainless steel flange.